༒Free enterprise has fuelled the mechanical, innovative and green transformations, reshaped the normal world and changed the job of the state comparable to society. It has lifted endless individuals out of neediness in the course of the most recent two centuries, altogether expanded ways of life, and brought about developments that have fundamentally further developed human prosperity, just as making it conceivable to go to the Moon and read this article on the web.
𝙉𝙤𝙩𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙮 𝙞𝙨𝙣’𝙩 𝙜𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙘𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣. 𝘼𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙚, 𝙛𝙧𝙚𝙚 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙚’𝙨 𝙬𝙚𝙖𝙠𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙨 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙬𝙖𝙮𝙨 𝙤𝙗𝙫𝙞𝙤𝙪𝙨. 𝙁𝙤𝙘𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙨𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙞𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙬𝙣 𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙚𝙩𝙮 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙡𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙤𝙪𝙩 — 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙡𝙮 𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙡𝙙 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘾𝙤𝙧𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙫𝙞𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙘 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙚𝙣𝙫𝙞𝙧𝙤𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙡 𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚. 𝙁𝙪𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚, 𝙖𝙨 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙖𝙜𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙩 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙬𝙣, 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙧𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙗𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙖𝙨 𝙪𝙨𝙪𝙖𝙡. 𝙄𝙣 𝙤𝙣𝙚 2020 𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙞𝙚𝙬 𝙗𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙙𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙢 𝙀𝙙𝙚𝙡𝙢𝙖𝙣, 57% 𝙤𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙖𝙡𝙨 𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙨𝙖𝙞𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 “𝙛𝙧𝙚𝙚 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙚 𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙩 𝙚𝙭𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙩𝙤𝙙𝙖𝙮 𝙖𝙘𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙨 𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙙𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙜𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙚𝙡𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙩”.
𝙏𝙤 𝙗𝙚 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘, 𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙖𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙨𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙚 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙩𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙥𝙚 𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙤𝙧𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙛𝙞𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨.
𝘼 𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙩 𝙧𝙚𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙆𝙤𝙘𝙝 𝙨𝙞𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙈𝙚𝙧𝙘𝙚𝙧 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙮.
𝘾𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝘿𝙖𝙫𝙞𝙙 𝙆𝙤𝙘𝙝 𝙖𝙧𝙚 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙭𝙩𝙧𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙙 𝙗𝙞𝙜𝙜𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙩𝙡𝙮 𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙙 𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎.
𝙎𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙚 1953, 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙮, 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙧𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙨, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖 𝙛𝙚𝙬 𝙤𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧 𝙚𝙭𝙘𝙚𝙥𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙖𝙛𝙛𝙡𝙪𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙜𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙖 𝙝𝙪𝙜𝙚 𝙣𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙤𝙛 𝙙𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙨 (𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙣 𝙖 𝙛𝙚𝙬 𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙨) 𝙤𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙩𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙪𝙥 𝙛𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙠𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙘𝙞𝙡𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙚𝙚𝙠 𝙖𝙛𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙆𝙤𝙘𝙝 𝙨𝙞𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙨’ 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙡𝙞𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣, 𝙡𝙤𝙬 𝙩𝙖𝙭 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩, 𝙙𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙚𝙨, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙣 𝙨𝙤𝙢𝙚.𝙄𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙚𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙚, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙈𝙚𝙧𝙘𝙚𝙧 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙮 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙚𝙬𝙞𝙨𝙚 𝙗𝙚𝙚𝙣 𝙨𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙛𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎𝘼 𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙚 𝘽𝙧𝙚𝙞𝙩𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙩 𝙉𝙚𝙬𝙨, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙇𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙘𝙮 𝙀𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘾𝙖𝙩𝙤 𝙁𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 — 𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙨𝙘𝙤𝙧𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙤𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙨.
𝙊𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙤𝙥𝙥𝙤𝙨𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙃𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙭𝙩𝙧𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙤𝙣 𝙂𝙚𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙎𝙤𝙧𝙤𝙨 𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙣 𝙎𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙤𝙧𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙀𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝𝙩 𝙩𝙤 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙜𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙣 𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙣 $32 𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙞𝙣. 𝘽𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙣 𝙎𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙤𝙧𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙀𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩’𝙨 𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙥 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙥 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙤𝙪𝙩𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙡𝙤𝙤𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙞𝙣 𝙒𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙨, 𝙖𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚 𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙖𝙩𝙝𝙬𝙖𝙮𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙘𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙥 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙪𝙣𝙡𝙖𝙬𝙛𝙪𝙡 𝙨𝙚𝙩𝙩𝙡𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎𝘼 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙙𝙞𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨, 𝙂𝙚𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙎𝙤𝙧𝙤𝙨 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙖 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙧𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙀𝙪𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡.
Nearly 250 years ago, the economist and philosopher Adam Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations, in which he described the…www.bbc.com
‘𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙎𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙙 𝙒𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝘿𝙤 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙃𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙏𝙤 𝘿𝙤, 𝘼𝙣𝙙 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙞𝙡 𝙒𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝘼𝙘𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙡𝙚𝙙𝙜𝙚 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙎𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙡𝙙 𝘼𝙘𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙡𝙚𝙙𝙜𝙚’ — 𝙏𝙝𝙪𝙘𝙮𝙙𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙨, 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙀𝙭𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚
𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙤𝙥𝙞𝙘 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙘𝙚 𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙩 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙩𝙤 𝙖𝙙𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙖𝙙𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙜𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙤𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙖 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙚 𝙟𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙘𝙚.
𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙚𝙙 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣. 𝘽𝙚𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙒𝙒2, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙘 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙤𝙥𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙪𝙥 𝙚𝙭𝙘𝙚𝙥𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙚 𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝 𝙇𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙣 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙨𝙥𝙤𝙩𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙢 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙛𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙗𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙘𝙡𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝 𝙨𝙪𝙘𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙨 𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙗𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠 𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩𝙨, 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙞𝙢𝙥𝙚𝙩𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙨, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙜𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙧𝙚𝙖 𝙖𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙙𝙨.
𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙣, 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩, 𝙞𝙣 1944 𝙅𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙘 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖 — 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙨𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙗𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙨. 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙩, 𝙅𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙐𝙗𝙞𝙘𝙤, 𝙖 𝙙𝙚𝙨𝙥𝙤𝙩 𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙢𝙡𝙮 𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙪𝙥 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙐𝙎 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙜𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣, 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖 𝙬𝙚𝙡𝙡 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙪𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙜.
𝙏𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙤𝙬𝙞𝙣𝙜 10 𝙮𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙨, 𝙖 𝙛𝙚𝙬 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙤𝙬 𝙐𝙗𝙞𝙘𝙤 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙙 𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚 𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙧𝙚𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙢𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙚 𝙬𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙅𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙗𝙖𝙘𝙠 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙘.𝘽𝙮 1954, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙨𝙚𝙚𝙣 𝙚𝙣𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙝, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙫𝙞𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙨𝙡𝙮 𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙩𝙤 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙚 𝙖 𝙢𝙤𝙫𝙚. 𝙄𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙚𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙛𝙚𝙬 𝙤𝙛 𝙐𝙎 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝘿𝙬𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩 𝘿. 𝙀𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙝𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙧’𝙨 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙛𝙛 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙣𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙅𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙘 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩, 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙢𝙪𝙘𝙝 𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙤𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙜𝙚.𝙏𝙝𝙪𝙨, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘾𝙄𝘼 𝙖𝙧𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙙 𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙪𝙥𝙨𝙚𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙣 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙙 𝙖𝙣𝙤𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙮𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙢𝙞𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙩𝙤 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙨. 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙮 𝙮𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙨𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙢𝙤𝙣 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙩 𝙗𝙚𝙩𝙬𝙚𝙚𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖’𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙞𝙨𝙘𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙤𝙧 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙐𝙎-𝙨𝙪𝙥𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙮𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙨, 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙡𝙚𝙛𝙩 200,000 𝙧𝙚𝙜𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙘𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙣𝙨 𝙙𝙚𝙖𝙙.
𝙄𝙣 𝙒𝙖𝙡𝙠 1999, 𝙐𝙎 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝘽𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝘾𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙩 𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙖𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙜𝙞𝙯𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙗𝙤𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙨𝙪𝙗𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣-𝙪𝙥𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙙 𝙛𝙖𝙨𝙘𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙨, 𝙨𝙖𝙮𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 ‘𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎 𝙞𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙨𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙄 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙡𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙥 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 𝙥𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩 𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙘𝙘𝙪𝙥𝙞𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙫𝙖𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙘𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙩 𝙬𝙖𝙨𝙣’𝙩 𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩.’
𝙄𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙚, 𝙂𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙣𝙤 𝙬𝙖𝙮, 𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙥𝙚 𝙤𝙧 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙢 𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙣𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙚. 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙖𝙩𝙝 𝙤𝙛 𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙞𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙉𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩 𝙊𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 — 𝙖𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙯𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 — 𝙡𝙚𝙛𝙩 𝙖𝙘𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙨 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙇𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙣 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙥𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙨𝙩𝙪𝙣𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣 𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙨𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙚.
𝙌𝙪𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙡𝙮, 𝙉𝙤𝙩 𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝘼 𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙬𝙖𝙮 𝙁𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙃𝙤𝙢𝙚
𝙁𝙤𝙧 𝙚𝙭𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙚, 𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙦𝙪𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙖 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 1960𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙢𝙞𝙙-1970𝙨, 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙖𝙙𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨, 𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙤𝙨𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙖𝙧𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙘𝙞𝙧𝙘𝙡𝙚𝙨, 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙩𝙡𝙮 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙤𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙃𝙖𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙙 𝙒𝙞𝙡𝙨𝙤𝙣, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙣 𝙃𝙚𝙖𝙙 𝙖𝙙𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙚𝙙 𝙍𝙚𝙖𝙡𝙢, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙘𝙚 𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙡𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙨𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙩𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙛𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙚.
𝙏𝙤 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩, 𝙨𝙪𝙘𝙝 𝙖𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙚 𝙨𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙨 𝙥𝙝𝙚𝙣𝙤𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙡, 𝙝𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧 𝙖𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙚 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙈𝙄5 𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙋𝙚𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙒𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩, 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙗𝙤𝙤𝙠 𝙎𝙥𝙮𝙘𝙖𝙩𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙧, 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙙𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙞𝙣 1987 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣 𝘽𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣.𝙊𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙘𝙠𝙚𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙤𝙧𝙙𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩 𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙩 𝙒𝙞𝙡𝙨𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙧𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙃𝙪𝙜𝙝 𝘾𝙪𝙙𝙡𝙞𝙥𝙥, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙜𝙚𝙧 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙀𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙙𝙖𝙮 𝙈𝙞𝙧𝙧𝙤𝙧, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝘽𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝘾𝙧𝙤𝙯𝙞𝙚𝙧.𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙛𝙚𝙡𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙗𝙖𝙘𝙠𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙖 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙖𝙡 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙤𝙥 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩 𝙩𝙤 𝙡𝙚𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 — 𝙖𝙨 𝙖 𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙤𝙛 𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩 𝙈𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙈𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙗𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙣, 𝙖 𝙧𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙗𝙤𝙩𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙎𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙞𝙜𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙍𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙧 𝙋𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙥.
𝘼𝙨 𝙋𝙖𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙠 𝙎𝙖𝙬𝙚𝙧, 𝙖 𝙎𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙤𝙧 𝙅𝙤𝙪𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘿𝙖𝙮 𝙗𝙮 𝙙𝙖𝙮 𝘽𝙧𝙤𝙖𝙙𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙙:
𝙈𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙈𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙗𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙣 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙜𝙚𝙙 𝙤𝙣 𝙙𝙧𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙨, 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙗𝙞𝙜 𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙩𝙨 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙬 𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙩 𝙖 𝙘𝙝𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙣 𝙒𝙤𝙧𝙠 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩… 𝙏𝙝𝙚 1968 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙪𝙥𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙀𝙭𝙚𝙘𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙃𝙖𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙙 𝙒𝙞𝙡𝙨𝙤𝙣 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙩𝙤 𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮, 𝙙𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙬𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙈𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙗𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙫𝙞𝙚𝙬𝙚𝙙 𝙖𝙨 𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙤𝙙 𝙤𝙛 𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙘 𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙜𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙮.𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙚 𝙤𝙘𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙡𝙪𝙙𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙎𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙤𝙣 3 𝙎𝙘𝙚𝙣𝙚 5 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝘾𝙧𝙤𝙬𝙣, 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙡𝙮 𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙙 ‘𝙊𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙧𝙤𝙬’.
𝘼 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙪𝙗𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎𝘼 𝙞𝙣 1933.
𝘼𝙛𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙠𝙡𝙞𝙣 𝘿𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙤 𝙍𝙤𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡𝙩, 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙨𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙤 𝙡𝙚𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙦𝙪𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙩𝙪𝙩𝙚 𝙖 𝙝𝙚𝙖𝙥 𝙤𝙛 𝙡𝙚𝙛𝙩-𝙬𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙖𝙧𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙚 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 ‘𝙉𝙚𝙬 𝘼𝙧𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩’, 𝙢𝙖𝙜𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙢𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙚 𝙋𝙪𝙧𝙨𝙪𝙚 𝘽𝙖𝙣𝙠, 𝙎𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝙊𝙞𝙡, 𝙂𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨, 𝙂𝙤𝙤𝙙𝙮𝙚𝙖𝙧, 𝘿𝙪𝙥𝙤𝙣𝙩, 𝙃𝙚𝙞𝙣𝙯, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙤𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙨, 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙚𝙣𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙡 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙢𝙪𝙡𝙩𝙞𝙩𝙪𝙙𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙪𝙥 𝙩𝙤 𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙚 𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 1,000,000 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 𝙫𝙚𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙤𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙍𝙤𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡𝙩’𝙨 𝙖𝙙𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚 𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙭𝙩𝙧𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙩 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙞𝙣 𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙘𝙚.
𝙏𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙢𝙚 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙣 𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 ‘𝘽𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙋𝙡𝙤𝙩’, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙢𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝙎𝙞𝙜𝙣𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙂𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙡 𝙎𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙡𝙚𝙮 𝙃𝙚𝙖𝙙 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙩 — 𝙖 𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙢 𝙫𝙚𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎 𝙈𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝘾𝙤𝙧𝙥𝙨, 𝙬𝙝𝙤 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙜𝙝𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙢𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙐𝙎 𝙝𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙮 — 𝙩𝙤 𝙡𝙚𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙖𝙧𝙢𝙚𝙙 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙘𝙚.
𝙉𝙤𝙩𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜, 𝙃𝙚𝙖𝙙 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙜𝙤𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙫𝙤𝙡𝙫𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖𝙙𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙝𝙚 𝙧𝙚𝙛𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙚 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩, 𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙢𝙚𝙙 𝙖𝙗𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙞𝙩 𝙗𝙚𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙎 𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙘𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝘿𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 1934.
𝙄𝙣 𝙨𝙥𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙝𝙖𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙤𝙥𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 ‘𝙩𝙤 𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙘𝙠 𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙧𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙩 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙢𝙖𝙙𝙚 𝙗𝙮 𝘽𝙧𝙤𝙖𝙙 𝙎𝙩𝙚𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙙’, 𝙣𝙤𝙗𝙤𝙙𝙮 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙖𝙩 𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙, 𝙣𝙤𝙧 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙞𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙙 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙤𝙩 𝙘𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙖𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙧𝙢 𝙗𝙚𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨.
𝙉𝙤𝙩 𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙛𝙩𝙚𝙧, 𝙞𝙣 1935, 𝙎𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙡𝙚𝙮 𝙎𝙩𝙚𝙬𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝙙𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙙 𝙖 𝙗𝙤𝙤𝙠 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙩𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙩 𝙄𝙨 𝘼 𝙍𝙖𝙘𝙠𝙚𝙩 — 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙤𝙪𝙩𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙨:
𝙒𝙖𝙧 𝙞𝙨 𝙖 𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙠𝙚𝙩. 𝙄𝙩 𝙜𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙝𝙖𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙚𝙣. 𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙥𝙤𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙚𝙙, 𝙚𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚, 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙖 𝙙𝙤𝙪𝙗𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙝𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙡𝙚. 𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙤𝙣𝙡𝙮 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙡𝙙𝙬𝙞𝙙𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙨𝙘𝙤𝙥𝙚. 𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙟𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙧𝙚 𝙛𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙪𝙣𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙡𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙨. 𝘼 𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙠𝙚𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙮𝙚𝙙, 𝙄 𝙖𝙘𝙘𝙚𝙥𝙩, 𝙖𝙨 𝙨𝙤𝙢𝙚𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙬𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙩 𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙩𝙤 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙖𝙡𝙨. 𝙅𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙖 𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙩𝙡𝙚 ‘𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚’ 𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙘𝙝 𝙠𝙣𝙤𝙬𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙖𝙩’𝙨 𝙜𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙣 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙞𝙩. 𝙄𝙩 𝙞𝙨 𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙫𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙮, 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖 𝙡𝙤𝙩. 𝙊𝙪𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙬𝙖𝙧 𝙖 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙖𝙡𝙨 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙚 𝙚𝙣𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙪𝙣𝙚𝙨.
𝘼𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙚, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙨𝙪𝙘𝙘𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛 𝙤𝙘𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙬 𝘿𝙞𝙘𝙠 𝘾𝙝𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙮 𝙗𝙚 𝙀𝙭𝙚𝙘𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝘾𝙝𝙞𝙚𝙛 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙞𝙡 𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙃𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙧𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙨𝙤𝙢𝙚𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚 𝙤𝙛 1995 𝙖𝙣𝙙 2000, 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙣, 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩 𝙗𝙚𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙐𝙎 𝙑𝙋 𝙞𝙣 2001, 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙞𝙡𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙃𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙧𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙣, 𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙥𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩 𝙜𝙚𝙩𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖 $7 𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙡𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙖𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙖𝙘𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙄𝙧𝙖𝙦 𝙬𝙖𝙧 𝙬𝙝𝙞𝙘𝙝 𝙟𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙬𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙧 𝙤𝙣, 𝙞𝙨 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙗𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙮 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙜𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙤 𝙗𝙚 𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡.
𝘽𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙨, 𝙞𝙣 𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙡𝙞𝙛𝙚 𝙖𝙘𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙒𝙤𝙧𝙠 𝙃𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙎𝙚𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙮 𝙍𝙤𝙗𝙞𝙣 𝘾𝙤𝙤𝙠 𝙚𝙭𝙥𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙙 𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙭𝙘𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙡𝙮 𝙘𝙤𝙯𝙮 𝙧𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙥 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙩𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙯𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝘽𝘼𝙀 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠𝙨 𝙖𝙥𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙢𝙤𝙨𝙩 𝙣𝙤𝙩𝙚𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙮 𝙚𝙘𝙝𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙆 𝙜𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙝𝙤𝙬 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙮 𝙬𝙤𝙪𝙡𝙙 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙛𝙞𝙩 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙖𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣.𝘾𝙤𝙤𝙠 𝙚𝙭𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 ‘𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙖𝙙𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙤𝙛 𝘽𝘼𝙀 𝙨𝙚𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙤 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙬𝙖𝙮 𝙞𝙣 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙣𝙪𝙧𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮𝙬𝙖𝙮 𝙩𝙤 𝙉𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 10. 𝙐𝙣𝙦𝙪𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙮, 𝙄 𝙣𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧 𝙠𝙣𝙚𝙬 𝙉𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 10 𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙠 𝙤𝙛 𝙖𝙣𝙮 𝙘𝙝𝙤𝙞𝙘𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙬𝙤𝙪𝙡𝙙 𝙞𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙢𝙤𝙙𝙚 𝘽𝘼𝙀.’
𝘼𝙨 𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙣𝙤𝙩𝙚, 𝙞𝙣 2006 𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙧𝙢𝙨 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙩𝙬𝙚𝙚𝙣 𝘽𝘼𝙀 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙬𝙤𝙧𝙠𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙎𝙖𝙪𝙙𝙞 𝙈𝙞𝙙𝙙𝙡𝙚 𝙀𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣 𝙧𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙚𝙭𝙖𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙆’𝙨 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙠𝙞𝙙𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙚𝙭𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩, 𝙝𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧 𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙤𝙬𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙎𝙞𝙧 𝙎𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝘾𝙤𝙬𝙥𝙚𝙧-𝘾𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙨, 𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙞𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙀𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙝 𝙀𝙣𝙫𝙤𝙮 𝙩𝙤 𝙎𝙖𝙪𝙙𝙞 𝘼𝙧𝙖𝙗𝙞𝙖, 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙭𝙖𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙙𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙥𝙚𝙙.
𝘼𝙛𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙛𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙮𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙨, 𝙎𝙞𝙧 𝙎𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙧𝙙 𝘾𝙤𝙬𝙥𝙚𝙧-𝘾𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙬𝙖𝙨 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙂𝙡𝙤𝙗𝙖𝙡 𝘽𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙄𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝘾𝙝𝙞𝙚𝙛 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝘽𝘼𝙀.
𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍, 𝒊𝒏𝒏𝒐𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔, 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒉𝒂𝒑𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒍𝒅 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒋𝒐𝒃 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒚. 𝑰𝒕 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒍𝒊𝒇𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒆𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒕𝒘𝒐 𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒊𝒆𝒔, 𝒂𝒍𝒕𝒐𝒈𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒅 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒇𝒆, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒂𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒇𝒖𝒓𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆𝒅 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚, 𝒋𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒂𝒔 𝒎𝒂𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒊𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒕𝒐 𝒈𝒐 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒐𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒘𝒆𝒃.
𝑵𝒐𝒕𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒚 𝒊𝒔𝒏’𝒕 𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒄𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏. 𝑨𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆, 𝒇𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆’𝒔 𝒘𝒆𝒂𝒌𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝒐𝒃𝒗𝒊𝒐𝒖𝒔. 𝑭𝒐𝒄𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒃𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒇𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒓𝒂𝒘𝒏 𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒚 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒎𝒊𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒖𝒕 — 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒍𝒚 𝒂𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒍𝒅 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒖𝒔 𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒏𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆. 𝑭𝒖𝒓𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒂𝒔 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒈𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒕𝒉𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒕 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒉𝒐𝒘𝒏, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒂𝒔 𝒖𝒔𝒖𝒂𝒍. 𝑰𝒏 𝒐𝒏𝒆 2020 𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒆𝒘 𝒃𝒚 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒅𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒊𝒓𝒎 𝑬𝒅𝒆𝒍𝒎𝒂𝒏, 57% 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒔𝒂𝒊𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 “𝒇𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒂𝒔 𝒊𝒕 𝒆𝒙𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒔 𝒕𝒐𝒅𝒂𝒚 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒔 𝒎𝒐𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒂𝒎𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒚𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒆𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒕”.
𝑻𝒐 𝒃𝒆 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄, 𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒔𝒆 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒃𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒔𝒆 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒕𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒉𝒂𝒑𝒆 𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒘𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝒇𝒊𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔.
𝑨 𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑲𝒐𝒄𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒓 𝒇𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒚.𝑪𝒉𝒂𝒓𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑫𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒅 𝑲𝒐𝒄𝒉 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅 𝒃𝒊𝒈𝒈𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒍𝒚 𝒉𝒆𝒍𝒅 𝒐𝒓𝒈𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑼𝑺.𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 1953, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒚, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒓𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂 𝒇𝒆𝒘 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒂𝒇𝒇𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂 𝒉𝒖𝒈𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒅𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒔 (𝒍𝒊𝒌𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒂 𝒇𝒆𝒘 𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒅𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒔) 𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒖𝒑 𝒇𝒊𝒈𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒌𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒊𝒍𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒆𝒆𝒌 𝒂𝒇𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑲𝒐𝒄𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔’ 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝒕𝒂𝒙 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒔𝒐𝒎𝒆.𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒓 𝒇𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒚 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒍𝒊𝒌𝒆𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉 𝒐𝒓𝒈𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑼𝑺𝑨 𝒍𝒊𝒌𝒆 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒊𝒕𝒃𝒂𝒓𝒕 𝑵𝒆𝒘𝒔, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑳𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒄𝒚 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒂𝒕𝒐 𝑭𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 — 𝒂𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒔.
𝑶𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑯𝒖𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒐𝒏 𝑮𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒔 𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑶𝒑𝒆𝒏 𝑺𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒕𝒐 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒎𝒐𝒓𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 $32 𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒊𝒏. 𝑩𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑶𝒑𝒆𝒏 𝑺𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕’𝒔 𝒉𝒆𝒍𝒑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒉𝒆𝒍𝒑 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒔 𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒍𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒊𝒏 𝑾𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒆𝒔, 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒈𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒄𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒂𝒊𝒈𝒏𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒛𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒉𝒊𝒑 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒖𝒏𝒍𝒂𝒘𝒇𝒖𝒍 𝒔𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑼𝑺𝑨 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔, 𝑮𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒔 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝒂 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒇𝒊𝒈𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒂 𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑬𝒖𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍.’𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒅 𝑾𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝑫𝒐 𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑯𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝑻𝒐 𝑫𝒐, 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒓𝒂𝒊𝒍 𝑾𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝑨𝒄𝒌𝒏𝒐𝒘𝒍𝒆𝒅𝒈𝒆 𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝑨𝒄𝒌𝒏𝒐𝒘𝒍𝒆𝒅𝒈𝒆’ — 𝑻𝒉𝒖𝒄𝒚𝒅𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔, 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒆𝒍𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝑬𝒙𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝑪𝒐𝒐𝒌 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 ‘𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒅𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑩𝑨𝑬 𝒔𝒆𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒘𝒂𝒚 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒚 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒚𝒘𝒂𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 10. 𝑼𝒏𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒚, 𝑰 𝒏𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒌𝒏𝒆𝒘 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 10 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒌 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒄𝒉𝒐𝒊𝒄𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒘𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒆 𝑩𝑨𝑬.’
𝑨𝒔 𝒂 𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 𝒏𝒐𝒕𝒆, 𝒊𝒏 2006 𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒃𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒂𝒊𝒏 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑩𝑨𝑬 𝑭𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒌𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒂𝒖𝒅𝒊 𝑴𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆 𝑬𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒏 𝒓𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒘𝒂𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅 𝒃𝒚 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑼𝑲’𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒌𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝒉𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝑺𝒊𝒓 𝑺𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑪𝒐𝒘𝒑𝒆𝒓-𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒔, 𝒂 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒐𝒖𝒔 𝑬𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉 𝑬𝒏𝒗𝒐𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝑺𝒂𝒖𝒅𝒊 𝑨𝒓𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒂, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒔 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒅.
𝑨𝒇𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒇𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒔, 𝑺𝒊𝒓 𝑺𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑪𝒐𝒘𝒑𝒆𝒓-𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝒘𝒂𝒔 𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑮𝒍𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒍 𝑩𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝑰𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑪𝒉𝒊𝒆𝒇 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑩𝑨𝑬.𝑪𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆-𝒐𝒇-𝒕𝒉𝒆-𝒂𝒓𝒕 𝒆𝒙𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆
𝑰𝒕 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒂𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒖𝒔 𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒄, 𝒂 𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒂𝒃𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒘𝒉𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒎𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝒄𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒚 𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒏𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒂
In a capitalist system, money is inextricably linked with power — the more money you have, the greater influence you wield.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/10459309
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